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The Ethics of Genetic Screening
The headline sure caught my attention: “Genetic Testing Helps British Woman Conceive Breast Cancer-Free Baby.” Wow! It seems a London doctor has used a genetic screening procedure to help a woman conceive Britiain’s first baby guaranteed to be free of hereditary breast cancer. The news touched a nerve with this reporter because I have several friends and acquaintances dealing with various stages of this hideous disease right now…women who could use a little good news….even if it just means others may not have to suffer in the future.
Apparently, the 27-year old British woman made the choice to have her embryos screened for an inherited gene that would have left her baby with a 50 percent chance of developing breast cancer. Not only does the woman have a long history of breast cancer in her family…her husband also tested positive for the gene.
It’s called “preimplantation genetic diagnosis.” The procedure involves removing cells from several embryos when they’re about three days old. The cells from each embryo are tested for genetic disorders…and any embryo found to be free of the screened disorders is implanted in the mother’s womb through in vitro fertilization. That baby will grow up free of the possibility of hereditary breast cancer.
Sounds wonderful, doesn’t it. But there may be a downside. While the new diagnostic tool has given hope to families with long histories of genetic disease…. a number of doctors and ethicists fear this medical breakthrough could lead to genetic selection. It would, effectively, give parents the opportunity to screen their children for traits such as eye color or intelligence. The director of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania is among those who believe genetic screening poses an ethical dilemma. “Where is this going to take us in the future?” asks Caplan. “How far will we go in letting people decide their babies?”
Dr. James Grifo at the new York University Fertility Center was the first U.S. doctor to screen embryos for life-threatening genetic disorders. He says fears about “designer babies” are unfounded. He’s seen firsthand the positive effect on couples as they bring a child into the world…free from developing a devastating inherited disease later in life.
Dr. Grifo says our ability to do the kinds of things that we fear it (testing embryos) can do…create a class of genetically superior humans….a genetic “super race….” just isn’t going to happen. “We aren’t scientifically sophisticated enough to make decisions about complicated traits.”
Not yet, anyway. Something to think about.
San Diego knows that 10News anchor Carol LeBeau has a passion for healthy living. So what’s on her mind this week about Staying Healthy, and what do you think about it?
